AG AboutGender-International Journal of Gender Studies 69 On the other hand, with regard to repertoire of contention, in terms of organisation, feminist strike, performances and direct social action.
On one hand, with regard to ideology and the shift from the concept of difference to intersectionality, the critique to the gender regime together with the capitalist economic model and the development of a decolonial perspective. This paper explores some elements of innovations of contemporary mobilisations and protest. Yet, a second effect of globalisation is that it has shortened the distance between movements, and it has facilitated cross-national processes of contamination (Hamel et al. The effects of globalisation, which have been targeted by social movements since the 1990s (Della Porta 2005), can be seen in political systems, social inequalities, and gender regimes.
Transformations in the political and economic spheres have seen neoliberalism take over at the global level, in conjunction with recurring economic, environmental and health crises. In the last ten years, a new cycle of transnational mobilisations and protests brought feminist movements to the forefront (Cavallero and Gago 2019). The feministic analyses are active, challenging and important for social welfare. However, 13) The existentialists are conscious about interdependence.
3) The liberal feminists struggled for the empowerment and public participation of women, 4)The individual feminism aimed at personal abilities of woman, 5) The career feminism inspired women to free in the ‘World of Men’, 6) The global feminism insisted the boundary breaking activities for women’s empowerment and reorder the rules, 7) The radical feminists bounded to entire change in social structure for equality, 8) The lesbian feminists denied the need of men for existence of women, 9) The black feminists struggled for equality within the races and Dalit within castes, 10) The womanism supported the self-identity and -respect, 11) The cultural feminists and literature explained the cultural roots of discriminations and exploitations of women, 12) The eco-feminists focused on environmental aspects and resources related to women. 2) The socialist feminism exposed the gender aspects of welfare state. 1) The Marxist feminism confined to united struggle for women’s rights. The third wave stressed the individual empowerment. The first wave of feminism emphasised on women’s emancipation and equality, whereas the second wave focused on female oppressions and struggled for their liberation.